第七十五讲

    Para. 2b Such place-making activities are almost universal in childhood, regardless of culture, social context, or gender. They are part of the process of growing up. For some people, that place of initial separation and autonomy, that secret home-away-from-home, lingers in adult life as a powerful and nostalgic memory.

    Para. 3a For myself, two places stand out among many secret settings we found or made. One was “The Hut,” built by my brother and his friends out of poles and flattened-out army gasoline cans, in a wood near our house. It had a “thatched” roof of branches and leaves, a perimeter fence and gate, and a lookout platform in a yew tree. From this vantage point, we would watch for “The Enemy.”
    universal
    adj. 普遍的，全体的, 通用的
    e.g.
    a. It's a universal truth.
    这是一个普遍真理。
    b. His speech met with universal applause.
    他的演讲博得全场的喝彩。

    initial
    adj. 最初的，开始的
    e.g.
    a. My initial surprise was soon replaced by the delight.
    我最初的惊讶很快变成了兴奋。
    b. Initial reports say that seven people have died, though this has not yet been confirmed.
    最初的报道说有丧生，但这一消息还未得到 证实。

    autonomy
    n. 自治；自立能力
    e.g.
    a. Branch managers have full autonomy in their own areas.
    分支机构的经理在其管辖范围内有充分的自主权。
    b. The separatist is demanding full autonomy for their state.
    分裂主义者在要求他们的州完全自治。
    nostalgic
    adj. 怀旧的，乡愁的
    e.g.
    a. I get very nostalgic when I watch these old musical on TV.
    我从电视中看到这些旧音乐影片,怀旧之情油然而生。
    b. Perhaps it is our human nature to be nostalgic.
    也许是人类天生有一种思乡之幽情。

    linger
    vi. 继续存留, 留恋徘徊
    e.g.
    a. After one delicious dinner, an aftertaste seems to linger.
    美餐之后，似乎回味无穷。
    b. Romeo lingered around the house of Juliet, hoping to come across her.
    罗密欧在朱丽叶家附近徘徊着，期望能和她不期而遇。

    regardless of
    不管,不论
    e.g.
    a. We will persevere regardless of past failures.
    尽管以前我们失败过，但仍要坚持下去。
    b. We should fight for the freedom for all, regardless of race or creed.
    我们应该为所有人的自由而斗争，不论民族或信仰。

    via
    prep. 经, 通过, 经由
    e.g.
    a. People can buy things via the telephone nowadays.
    如今人们可以打电话购物。
    b. The department usually sends the letter via airmail.
    这个部门常寄航空邮件。

    inevitable
    adj. 不能避免的
    e.g.
    a. The changes of the seasons are inevitable.
    季节变化是不可避免的。
    b. We explained to everyone that the delay was inevitable.
    我们向大家解释延期是免不了的。
    act out
    将······付诸行动
    e.g.
    a. He wanted to act out his theory.
    他想在行动中实践他的理论。
    b. He acted out his promise by buying her a diamond ring.
    他给她买了个钻石戒指以兑现他的承诺。

    bit by bit
    一点一点地；逐渐地
    e.g.
    a. He opened the door bit by bit.
    他慢慢地开了门。
    b. He told us the truth of the whole story bit by bit.
    他一点点地把故事的真相告诉了我们。

    gasoline
    n. ［美］汽油
    e.g.
    a. This car runs 5 miles on a gallon of gasoline.
    这部汽车一加仑汽油可以行驶五英里。
    b. He has to put super gasoline in his car.
    他的车必须加高级汽油。

    stand out
    显眼，引人注目
    e.g.
    a. Although she wore heavy makeup, her wrinkles around the eyes still stood out.
    虽然化了浓妆，但是她眼角的皱纹依旧很显眼。
    b. Although she is aging, she still stands out among a group of beauties.
    虽然她岁数大了，但在一群美女中仍很出众。
    Para. 2b 无论文化、社会背景和性别有何差异，这种建造领地的活动在童年时代是普遍存在的。它是成长过程的一部分。对有些人来说，那个最初的隔离自治地、那个隐秘的“家外之家”，就是一种难以忘怀的怀旧记忆，伴随着他们的成年生活。

    Para. 3a 而我自己，也曾与伙伴一起发现和建造了一些秘密领地，其中有两个地方特别突出。一个是“小屋”， 它在靠近我家的小树林里，是我哥哥和他的朋友们用竿子和压扁的军用汽油桶建成的。“茅草盖式”的屋顶由树枝和树叶建成，周围有篱笆围墙和门，紫杉树上还建有一个望台。从这一有利地形，我们可以侦察“敌情”