第九十七讲

    enforce
    2. verb 强行实施；强加；迫使 To enforce something means to force or cause it to be done or to happen.
    They struggled to limit the cost by enforcing a low-tech specification... 他们通过实施低技术规格拼命限制成本。
    David is now living in Beirut again after an enforced absence. 戴维在被迫离开后，现在又回到了贝鲁特生活。

    enforcement
    n.不可数名词执行;实施 If someone carries out the enforcement of an act or rule, they enforce it.
    Doctors want stricter enforcement of existing laws, such as those banning sales of cigarettes to children.
    医生们希望加大现行法律的执行力度，如禁止向孩童出售香烟。

    ritual
    1. n.典礼;(宗教)仪式 A ritual is a religious service or other ceremony which involves a series of actions performed in a fixed order.
    This is the most ancient, and holiest of the Shinto rituals. 这是最古老、最神圣的神道教仪式。
    These ceremonies were already part of pre-Christian ritual in Mexico. 这些仪式已经成为墨西哥基督教时期以前的宗教仪式的一部分。

    ritual
    2. adj 仪式性的;传统的 Ritual activities happen as part of a ritual or tradition.
    …fastings and ritual dancing. 斋戒和传统舞蹈。
    3. n. 风俗;习惯 A ritual is a way of behaving or a series of actions which people regularly carry out in a particular situation, because it is their custom to do so.
    Cocktails at the Plaza was a nightly ritual of their sophisticated world. 到广场饭店喝鸡尾酒是他们这个时髦的圈子中的人每晚必做的事情。
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    ritual
    4. adj. 例行公事般的;习惯性的;老规矩的 You can describe something as a ritual action when it is done in exactly the same way whenever a particular situation occurs.

    I realized that here the conventions required me to make the ritual noises. 我意识到此时按照惯例我应该说些客套话。

    Translation
    Para. 3 现在对农场动物极少有法律保护。《联邦动物福利法案》并不适用于农业用途的动物。虽然《人道屠宰法案》要求，所有联邦肉类加工厂屠宰的动物应当在宰杀过程中处于无意识状态，然而，该法令的执行状况不佳，而且它既不包括对小鸡和火鸡的屠宰，也不包含在宗教仪式上以及居民家中的屠宰。