第九十九讲

    Text Study
    Para. 4b The efficiency of this law is questionable, however; because it is unclear as to whether it applies to transportation in large trucks as opposed to rail, and because most farmed animals in the U.S. are transported by truck, the law is rarely if ever enforced.

    efficiency
    1. n.不可数名词效率;效能;功效 Efficiency is the quality of being able to do a task successfully, without wasting time or energy.
    There are many ways to increase agricultural efficiency in the poorer areas of the world.
    有很多方法能够提高世界贫困地区的农业效率。
    2. n不可数名词（物理学、工程学中的）效率，功率
    In physics and engineering, efficiency is the ratio between the amount of energy a machine needs to make it work, and the amount it produces.

    efficient
    adj. 效率高的;效能高的 If something or someone is efficient, they are able to do tasks successfully, without wasting time or energy.
    With today's more efficient contraception women can plan their families and careers. 如今有了更加有效的避孕方法，女性便可以规划她们的家庭和事业。
    adv. efficiently
    We work very efficiently and am decisive, and accurate in my judgment.
    我们工作非常有效率，处事果断，而且判断准确。
    inefficient adj. 低效率的、无能的
    End
    107
    questionable
    adj. 不可靠的;有问题的;不确定的 If you say that something is questionable, you mean that it is not completely honest, reasonable, or acceptable.
    He has been dogged by allegations of questionable business practices.他一直被那些指控他有不正当商业行为的说法所困扰。
    It is questionable whether the expenditure on this project is really justified. 该项目的开支是否真的合理还未可知。
    The film is a comedy in highly questionable taste. 这是一部品位很成问题的喜剧片。
    近义词辨析
    questionable, doubtful, ambiguous, uncertain
    这些形容词均含“怀疑的，不确定的”之意。
    questionable： 通常指怀疑某行为是否恰当，或指有根有据的怀疑。
    doubtful： 指对某个问题持积极怀疑的，有疑问的态度，强调缺乏确信。
    ambiguous： 指因缺乏明确感或因为有各种不同的解释而值得怀疑。
    uncertain： 多指因缺乏证据或了解而捉摸不定，也指因不能预料而不能作出选择。

    Apply to
    适用于；运用；致力于；涂抹

    These principles apply to learning maths.
    这些原则适用于学习数学。
    Apply some medicine to his wound.
    给他的伤口上点药吧。

    Apply
    1. verb申请;请求 If you apply for something such as a job or membership of an organization, you write a letter or fill in a form in order to ask formally for it.

    I am continuing to apply for jobs... 我正在继续找工作。
    They may apply to join the organization. 他们可以申请加入该组织。
    For More
    2.verb适用;适合 If something such as a rule or a remark applies to a person or in a situation, it is relevant to the person or the situation.
    The convention does not apply to us. 这条惯例对我们不适用。
    The rule applies where a person owns stock in a corporation. 该规定适用于持有公司股票的人。
    3. verb 应用;运用 If you apply something such as a rule, system, or skill, you use it in a situation or activity. 。
    His project is concerned with applying the technology to practical business problems. 他的项目是将这项技术应用于实际的商务问题 。
    4. verb涂抹；敷用；施用 If you apply something to a surface, you put it on or rub it into the surface.
    The right thing would be to apply direct pressure to the wound... 正确的做法是直接按住伤口。
    Applying the dye can be messy, particularly on long hair. 涂抹染发剂可能会搞得一团糟，特别是长发 。

    oppose
    vt&vi 反对；阻挠 If you oppose someone or oppose their plans or ideas, you disagree with what they want to do and try to prevent them from doing it.
    Mr Taylor was not bitter towards those who had opposed him. 泰勒先生对那些曾反对过他的人并未怀恨在心。
    Many parents oppose bilingual education in schools. 很多家长反对学校实行双语教育。
oppose to
    反对
    He tends to angry when people oppose to his plan.
    别人反对他的意见时，他很容易生气。

    Admittedly, those who oppose to the viewpoint also have their reasons to a certain extent.
    我们必须承认，那些反对此观点的人们也有一定的道理。
    opposition
    n. （强烈的）反对，敌对 Opposition is strong, angry, or violent disagreement and disapproval.
    The government is facing a new wave of opposition in the form of a student strike... 政府面临着学生通过罢课掀起的新一轮反对浪潮。
    Much of the opposition to this plan has come from the media. 该计划的主要反对声音来自媒体。
    （议会或立法机构中的）反对党，在野党，反对派
    （体育比赛中的）对手，竞争者，竞争队伍

    rarely
    adv. 难得地；少见地 If something rarely happens, it does not happen very often.
    I deal with customers on the phone and rarely meet them face-to-face.
    我用电话和客户打交道，很少和他们见面。
    Prosecution for a first minor offence rarely leads to imprisonment.
    因初犯轻罪被控者很少被判监禁。

    rare
    1.稀有的；罕见的；珍奇的 Something that is rare is not common and is therefore interesting or valuable.
    the black-necked crane, one of the rarest species in the world... 黑颈鹤，世界最稀有的物种之一
    She collects rare plants... 她收集稀有植物。
    2.少见的；不常发生的 An event or situation that is rare does not occur very often
    Heart attacks were extremely rare in babies, he said... 婴儿极少有心脏病发作的情况，他说。

    rare
    3（肉类）半熟的，嫩的 Meat that is rare is cooked very lightly so that the inside is still red.

    Thick tuna steaks are eaten rare, like beef.
    像牛肉一样，厚的金枪鱼排做到半熟即可食用。
    Waiter, I specifically asked for this steak rare.
    服务员，我特别强调了这块牛排要做得嫩些。

    Translation
    Para. 4 然而，该法律是否奏效还得打个问号，因为该法律未明确规定它是适用于大型卡车还是火车的运输，而由于美国大多数农场是由卡车运输 ，因此这项法律从未执行过。