Unit 10 Campus Cheats
Study Focus
1. Understand how campus cheats have been surging.
2. Grasp the “catch somebody doing something” structure in this sentence: He once caught one student using his cell phone to send answers to a friend’s pager.
3. Explain why cheating students are missing the point of education.
4. Illustrate the importance of academic integrity.
Let’s Put the Heat on Campus Cheats. (Title)
the heat（非正式）表示pressure, criticism “压力，批评”, 故本文题目译成“让我们谴责校园作弊”。
Para. 1
1. James Taylor was astonished at the rampant cheating taking place in his history class at the University of Arizona.
译文：
亚利桑那州大学的James Taylor发现其历史课上学生作弊十分猖獗，这让他惊诧不已。
astonish与startle, shock, stun, amaze, alarm均含surprise“令人惊讶”的意思，稍有不同的是astonish和startle是指“令人非常惊讶”,
e.g.
a. What astonishes me most is his complete lack of fear.
令我非常惊讶的是他毫无畏惧。
b. We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.
发现寺庙完好如初，我们感到十分惊讶。
c. His words had a startling effect on the children.
他的话在孩子们身上产生的作用令人惊讶不已。
shock: “使人震惊，骇人，令人怵目惊心”；
stun：“使人发愣，目瞪口呆，不知所措”。
shock和stun都有“使人休克，昏迷”的意思。
e.g.
a. I was shocked to hear the news of his sudden death.
听到他猝死的噩耗，我十分震惊。
b. She was standing stunned and in tears.
她站在那里，目瞪口呆，泪流满面。
amaze通常指“（好的事情）令人惊奇”；
alarm “使人惊慌，不安”
e.g.
a. She has an amazing talent for music.
她在音乐方面有着惊人的才华。
b. I was amazed that he had made such rapid progress in English.
他的英语进步迅速，令我惊讶。
这些词的ing形式+ly 都具有“非常，极度” 的意思，
例如:
astonishingly beautiful, startlingly pale, shockingly short stories, a surprisingly easy exam
需要指出的是，使用这类词汇常有三种句型：
a. I was surprised/amazed, etc. at.../that.../to learn that...
b. It is shocking/surprising, etc. to think that...
c. To my surprise, amazement, astonishment, etc., I learned that…
rampant
adj. 猖獗的，蔓延的
e.g.
Sickness was rampant in the rural areas of this country.
这个国家的农村地区疾病流行。
The garden weeds run rampant everywhere.
园中的杂草到处蔓延。
2. Students looked over each other’s shoulders, devised coughing codes to communicate to friends, and flashed answers on the backs of their hands while pretending to stretch.
译文：
学生们你看我的，我看你的，设计各种咳嗽暗号传送给朋友，还把答案写在手背上，在假装伸懒腰的时候迅速透露出去。
句中looked..., devised..., and flashed...是并列结构。
两个或两个以上用and, or, but等互相连接又属于同一层次具有相同句法功能的语言结构叫做并列结构，可作主语、谓语、宾语、主语补语、状语等。
e.g.
a. I’d like a sandwich, an ice-cream, and a cup of coffee.
我要一块三明治，一个冰淇淋，还有一杯咖啡。
b. He is tall, dark, and lean.
他又高又黑又瘦。
c. They sat down to dinner, drinking, eating, and smoking merrily.
他们坐下来吃饭，愉快地喝着，吃着，还抽起烟来。
d. He skipped my class partly because he was ill and partly because he was lazy.
他逃我的课部分原因是因为他病了，部分原因是因为他懒。
e. He said that he was busy today but that he would be free tomorrow.
他说他今天很忙，但明天会有空。
communicate的宾语是coughing codes, 即communicate coughing codes to friends，注意与communicate with不同，后者指 “与······联系，沟通”,
e.g.
We communicate with each other by letter (telephone/email).
我们通过书信（电话/电邮）相互联系。
while pretending to stretch是状语从句的省略，连词后省略they were, 又如:
e.g.
a. If (it is) carefully done, the experiment will be successful.
如果小心，试验会成功的。
b. Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to.
别人不跟你讲话，你就不要跟别人讲话。
c. He will work hard wherever (he is) sent by his company.????
无论公司派他去哪里，他都会努力工作。
d. The old lady was looking well although (she was) living alone.
尽管老太太一个人生活，但看起来状况不错。
e. While (he is) respected, he is not liked by us.
我们虽然尊重他，但并不喜欢他。
f. He will die soon unless (he is) treated at once.
如不马上治疗，他很快会死的。
devise
vt. 设计，发明
e.g.
He has devised a new way for making money.
他想出一个赚钱的新办法。
The teacher devised a more practical teaching method.
老师发明了一种更实用的教学方法。
stretch
v. 拉伸，伸展
e.g.
Rubber stretches easily.
橡胶的延展性很好。
延伸
The road stretches uphill at a steep slope.
这条路以陡峭的坡度向山上延伸。