1.phoenix [5fi:nIks] n. 长生鸟；凤凰=a bird in Egyptian mythology which, after living hundreds of years in the Arabian desert, burnt itself on a funeral pile and rose from the ashes young again, to live for another cycle, it is often used as a symbol of immortality

    e.g. The new city of Tangshan rose like a phoenix after the earthquake.

    新唐山市在地震后像凤凰一样从废墟中崛起。

The use of the word “phoenix”: It refers to something that rises from the ashes of its predecessor. The League of Nation (1920-1946) was the first international association of countries. It was established with the aim to resolve conflicts peacefully and avert another devastating war. Though it had a total of 63 member states, it never had much influence. The Second World War proved it a failure. As the author puts it, it burned to death. Then the U.N. rose from its ashes and brought the dreams of world peace back to life again. In the last paragraph of the passage the author calls on all the U.N. member states to offer every assistance to make the U.N. better so that it will never burn to death, that is, it will never become a second League of Nations.

2.debate [dI5beIt] n.& vt.       争论，辩论

n.=formal discussion

    e.g. After a long debate the bill was passed by the House of Commons and sent to the House of Lords.

    经过长久讨论后，该议案在下议院中通过，并送达上议院。

            v.=have a debate about

    e.g. We were debating whether to go to the mountains or to the seaside.

    我们正在辩论到底是去山上还是去海边。

3.organization [C:^EnaI5zeIFEn] n.       组织=organized body of persons

    e.g. He joined a revolutionary organization headed by Helong.

    他参加了贺龙领导的革命组织。

4.international [IntE5nAFEnEl]  a.    国际的=existing, carried on, between nations

    e.g. He was a scientist of international reputation.

    他是个享有国际声誉的科学家。

5.weapon [5wepEn]  n.       武器=sth designed for, or used in, fighting or struggling

    e.g. They fought their oppressors with any weapon they could lay hands on.

    他们用拿得到的任何武器与压迫者作战。

6.border [5bC:dE]  n.       国界，边界=(land near the) line dividing two states or countries

    e.g. The criminal escaped over the border.

    罪犯逃过了边界。

7.former [5fC:mE] a.       前（一度存在过的）；以前的=of an earlier period

    e.g. They are all my former students.

    他们都是我从前的学生。

8.goal [^EJl] n.    目的，目标=object of efforts or ambition

    e.g. It seemed therefore quite likely that the year’s ambitious economic goals would be reached.

    因此看来很可能本年度雄心勃勃的经济目标将被实现。

9.social [5sEJFEl] a.       社会的=of people living in communities

    e.g. Young students need more chances of social practice.

    青年学生需要更多社会实践的机会。

10.economic [i:kE5nRmIk]  a.    经济的=of economics

    e.g. There are many debates about the government’s new economic policy.

    关于政府新的经济政策有许多争论。

11.sign [saIn] vt.   在…上签字=write one’s name on (a letter, document, etc) to show that one is the writer or that one accepts or agrees with the contents

    e.g. Please sign on the dotted line.

    请在虚线上签名。

12.justice [5dVQstIs] n.       司法；正义=just conduct; the quality of being right and fair

    e.g. The sense of justice pushed him to do that.

    是正义感驱使他那么做的。

13.assembly [E5semblI] n.       集会；集合=number of persons who have come together

    e.g. The assembly of doctors discussed the latest medical research.

    医生大会讨论了最新的医学研究情况。

14.delegate [5delI^Et] n.       代表=person to whom sth is delegated (e.g. an elected representative sent to a conference or convention).

    e.g. He said his government hadn’t appointed any delegates.

    他说他们政府没有委派任何代表。

15.security [sI5kjJErItI] n.       安全=(sth that provides) safety, freedom from danger or anxiety

    e.g. You should cross the street in security at a pedestrian crossing.

    你应该在行人穿越道上安全地过马路。

16.council [5kaJnsEl] n.       理事会；委员会=group of persons appointed, elected or chosen to give advice, make rules, and carry out plans, manage affairs, etc. esp of government

    e.g. This document was issued by the State Council.

    这个文件是国务院发布的。

17.independence [IndI5pendEns] n.    独立=the state of being independent (independence from)

    e.g. Several of these colonies have claimed and have been given independence from the mother country.

    这些殖民地中有几个曾经向它们的母国要求独立并已获得独立。

18.criticize [5krItIsaIz] vt.       批评=form and give a judgement of; find fault with

    e.g. There are several articles in the local newspaper criticizing his work.

    当地报纸上有好几篇文章批评他的作品。

19.citizen [5sItIzEn] n.       公民=person who has full rights in a State, either by birth or by gaining such rights

    e.g. She’s a British citizen but lives in India.

    她是英国公民却住在印度。

20.defense [dI5fens] n.       辩护词=(legal) argument(s) used to contest an accusation

    e.g. Counsel worked out a very convincing defense.

    辩护律师完成一篇甚有说服力的辩护词。