English Intensive Reading 吉林大学远程教育学院    
Introduction
Text
Language Points
Grammar
 
  Lesson 3    Language Points  ( Page 10)
   
         
   
perilous (adj.): full of risk, dangerous 多险的，危险的
1. The journey through the jungle was perilous. 在热带丛林里旅行充满了危险。
2. The floodwaters were perilous to cross. 在洪水中行进太危险了。
Comparing the following words:
perilous, dangerous, risky, hazardous 都表示“危险的”
dangerous (adj.): likely to cause danger or be a danger
危险的，不安全的。是该组同义词里意义最普通的，可指任何危险。
1. It’s dangerous to drive so fast. 车开这么快很危险。
2.The fire is dangerous to the forest. 这场火对森林有危险。
perilous (adj.): full of risk, dangerous
比 “dangerous”意味重，指具有毁灭性的危险。
1. The journey through the jungle was perilous. 在热带丛林里旅行充满了危险。
2. The floodwaters were perilous to cross. 在洪水中行进太危险了。
risky (adj.): full of danger; full of potential for failure, loss, etc.
充满危险或风险的，有很大危险或风险的。在暗示有不利的极大可能方面与perilous相近，另外还有主动冒险的意思。
1. They made a risky investment. 他们做了风险投资。
2. He has undertaken a risky job. 他主动承担了有危险的工作。
hazardous (adj.) : dangerous, risky
危险的，冒险的。意味和语气都比dangerous强得多，暗示遭受损失或受到伤害等的危险性可能要大，或失败的可能性大于成功，或要冒极大的风险。
1. The journey was hazardous. 旅途十分艰险。
2. It’s a hazardous job. 这是一份危险的工作。
…and fail they surely would, should accident or vigilance apprise the enemy of the movement.
Meaning: … and if anything should go wrong, or if the enemy were alert enough to discover their plan, they would certainly fail.
而且，一旦发生什么意外，或是敌人察觉到他们的行动意图，那么他们肯定惨败无疑。
vigilance(n.): watchfulness 警惕；警觉；
1. The cat watched the mousehole with vigilance. 猫警觉地注视着鼠洞。
2. The police exercise vigilance. 警察实行戒严。
apprise… of…: inform… of…; to tell sb. about sth.使知道，通知
1. It was only when she was eighteen that she became apprised of her true origin.
她到18岁才获悉自己真正的身世。
2. Please apprise him of my safe arrival. 请告知他我已安全抵达。