English Intensive Reading 吉林大学远程教育学院    
Introduction
Text
Language Points
Grammar
 
Lesson 2     Language Points  ( Page 3)
   
       
   
to refer to :
1)to speak of ; to apply to 谈及; 应用于
1.Don’t refer to this matter again. 别再提这件事了。
2.Does that remark refer to me? 那批评的话是说我的吗？
2)to turn to ,go to ,for information 参考
1.He often refers to his notes. 他经常参考他的笔记。
2.She does not like to refer to reference books. 他不喜欢用参考书。
and we started off at a shamble that would have done credit to the swiftest steam-roller ever built, ...
Meaning: at first, the cab we were in moved in so clumsy a manner that even the swiftest steamer-roller could be proud of it…
我们便一摇一晃的上路了.那速度令迄今为止跑得最快的压路机也会望车兴叹.
to do credit to sb.:to add reputation or honor to sb.
增加某人的声誉;使某人大有面子
1.The work does you credit. 这项工作是你的光荣。
2.His smart appearance does credit to his girl friend.
他英俊的外表使他的女朋友大有面子。
It woke him up ... he dashed off at three miles an hour.
Meaning: The animal was terrified by the odour of the cheese so much that he was no longer a somnambulist but a steed moving violently at a speed of three miles an hour.
风把一股子奶酪的气味直吹向我们的骏马。这气味使它清醒过来猛然一惊，从鼻子里嘟嘟地喷出一股气，便以每小时三英里的速度向前奔去。
to wake sb. up:

1)to cause sb. to stop sleeping 唤醒；叫醒
1.He was waken up by the noise. 噪音吵醒了他。
2.Don’t wake up the baby. 别婴儿弄醒。
2)to stir up;to rouse from inactivity, inattention 激发;唤起注意
1.He needs someone to wake him up. 他需要人激励。
2.The boy was woken up by her words and studied hard.
她的鼓励使这孩子学习非常努力。

Comparison: wake; awake;awaken
wake: (v.) to stop sleeping 醒；不再睡
1.What time do you wake up usually?
你通常什么时候起床？
2.He woke to find himself in a strange room.
他醒来发现自己在一个陌生的房子里。
awake: (v.) to become conscious of ;to realize觉悟;领会;觉醒
1.He awoke to his opportunities.
他觉察到了他的机会。
2.He awoke to his own mistake.
他认识到了自己的错误。
awaken:to make sb. aware of 使某人知道；唤起某人
1.Her words awaken him to a sense of responsibility.
她的话唤起了他的责任心。
2.She is awakened to the bad news.
她被告知这个坏消息。
to lay oneself out:to exert oneself ;to take pains尽力(做某事)
1.She laid herself out to make the guests comfortable.
她煞费苦心的款待客人。
2.He laid himself out to help them.
他尽力去帮助他们。